History is not just a record of the victors. But simply telling the story of the hysteria does not make the story true. The purpose of the parallel historiography is not to create a new myth by reversing the main story; it is to widen the scope, identify silences, and apply the same critical criteria to all claims. 70.1 The Inequality of the Record The state, courts, institutions, and the educated class leave more than written records. Poor, women, workers, and rural communities may have less exposure to regional languages and oral traditions. Because of this inequality, the available resources themselves reflect social power. 70.2 Silence is also a question of Why is there less of a group on record? The document has been destroyed. There was no means of writing it. The organization did not consider his experience to be important. Parallel histories treat silence as a question rather than a fact. The reason for the silence must be sought, not to fill the empty space with imagination. 70.3 Source-Extent Personal letters, local documents, oral histories, songs, registers, archaeological objects, maps, newspapers, court records, economic data, women 's domestic writings, and regional language literature can all be useful, along with official records. However, the nature, date, purpose, transmission, and extent of each source should be specified. 70.4 Common Criteria on Centers and Margins Official sources may be influenced by power, or folklore may also be adapted. Royal documents are not automatically true or oral stories are automatically true. The moral of parallel history is not to have soft evidence for your favorite stories. 70.5 The history of the multifunctional To understand history only in terms of kings, class only, religion only, caste only, language only or economy only may be incomplete. The causes of the many levels interact. The parallel historiography accepts a multifactorial interpretation of the evidence instead of a monolithic determinism. 70.6 Mithila and regional history Regional histories do not aim to create mythical glory separate from national histories. Mithila 's local sources, language, registers, literature, folklore, and cross-border Nepal-India references can enrich the broader history. However, each claim will ask for sources and comparative evidence from the date. Regional self-esteem may be a motivator for historiography, not a substitute for evidence. 70.7 The language of uncertainty The sincerity of the historian lies in making the level of inference clear. Explicit if there is strong evidence, probabilistic if partial, controversial if source-contradictory, anonymous if there is no evidence. Call conclusions that are outside the range of available evidence unlikely to be true. 70.8 Preface: Parallel History Will Destroy Objectivity Uttarapakṣa (Response): Parallelism Expands the Field of Evidence If adding new sources changes the old conclusion, it is not a defeat of objectivity but an improvement. Objectivity is not the absence of a point of view but rather the availability of diverse sources, clear methods, and critical examination and revision. 70.14 The Meaning of the Selection and History of Periods The findings influence when history is shared and for how long. Periods of dynastic change, economic change, or linguistic movement can vary. Convenient centimeters can cut out the actual process. The reason for the scheduling must be clear. Both continuity and break- up are to be seen across the border. Local time cannot correspond to the national time division. Multiple valid chronologies of the same event are possible but not arbitrary. The source and the purpose of the analysis will provide the basis. 70.15 The Intellectual Geography of Mithila Intellectual history is not just a list of places of birth. The centres of learning, guru-shishya relationships, manuscript transmission, patronage, debate and migration shape the geography of knowledge. Some have called it a philosophical treatise on birth, work, tradition, or influence. The criterion should be clear, as in the text. Limitations are not arbitrary to promote pride. Mithila is made up of external dialogues. The movement of ideas explains their historical form without losing regional specificity. 70.16 Opportunities and Crises of Digital History Digital copying simplifies searching by adding remote sources and enables new comparisons. However, incorrect text-reading and incomplete metadata and duplication of copies can give false certainty. Digital images do not capture the paper, ink, pattern, or margins of the original object perfectly. For important findings, basic or high-quality evidence should be examined. The choice of the database itself is epistemological. What collections are digitized, what is searchable, and who owns them is the new question of historiography. 70.17 Preface: Regional histories form narrow identities Regional pride can lead to selective storytelling, the stigmatization of outsiders, and mythological antiquity. The danger of this is real. But the history of national centres alone is also narrow, as regional contributions and losses are invisible. The solution is not to abandon regional studies; it is to link them with common resources and cross- regional relationships. The glory of parallel histories lies in the achievement of truth and not in imagined superiority. Boundaries, debt, conflict and acceptance of plurality are mature identities. 70.9 Unequal Protection of the Source Kings and courts and feudal lords left more written records. workers and women and oral communities fewer. The amount of documentation that survives is not a fair measure of historical significance. The historian will write down the structure of the conservancy. Claims about low-resource groups should be more careful but not to preclude silent causal studies. Songs and local records should be added to the physical culture. 70.10 Proof-of-Liability of a Counterhistory Criticism of official history is necessary, but alternative narratives are not true simply because they are contradictory. Hashia 's claim will also bear the test of consistency and counter-argument to the source. Same criterion does not mean same source quantity. Given the disparity in availability, the type of evidence may vary; honesty may not. The uncertainty must be written clearly. The 70.11 scale will be changed. Events in the nation 's history can be pivotal in the history of a small village or family. Changing the scale makes the cause and agent appear different. Microhistory does not deny the widespread structure; it shows how the structure functioned in specific lives. Comparison is desirable when drawing universal inferences from local examples. 70.12 Timeline and memory time The record sorts the time in order of importance in memory, giving date sequences. Communities bring certain events up to date again and forget about them. The two timelines answer a different set of questions. History verifies chronology to understand why memory events survive. Memory intensity may be evidence of social meaning rather than accuracy of date or description. 70.13 Configuration of the parallel narrative Parallel History is not a decorative box with a main story. Center decisions and local results should be added to the same causal chain. Different voices may change the structure of the analysis rather than just the citation. The final narrative should be multifaceted, source-level, clear, and introspective. Facts that are irrelevant should not be hidden. The justice of history is not arbitrary glory, but acceptance of the complexity of evidence. Chapter Conclusion The formula for parallel histories is read center, read margin, read silence. But apply the same logic to all. Parallelism is not an excuse to make assumptions; it is a responsibility to find evidence. Chapter Bibliography E. H. Carr — What Is History? Marc Bloch — The Historian’s Craft. E. P. Thompson — The Making of the English Working Class. Ranajit Guha — Elementary Aspects of Peasant Insurgency in Colonial India. Carlo Ginzburg — The Cheese and the Worms. Romila Thapar — The Past Before Us.