Videha Digital Research Archive | Digital Humanities Research Environment for Mithila, Vajji & Anga

Name: Tattvacintāmaṇi
ISBN: 978-93-6123-729-4

Gajendra Thakur

Mithila–Vajji–Anga Digital Research Archive

Parallel Philosophy

Philosophical sources in the Mithila–Vajji–Anga intellectual archive. These works are source-bilingual in Maithili and English; original Sanskrit authorship, commentary and translator-editor roles remain distinct.

Only source-verified chapters or units receive permanent pages. Unverified titles, synthetic chapters and generic placeholders are not published.

Volume I · 72 source-bilingual chapters

Parallel Philosophy — Volume I

A Re-reading of Indian, Western, Socio-Political, Religious, and Modern Philosophy through Mithila’s Parallel Tradition

A comparative philosophical programme that places Mithila’s parallel intellectual tradition in conversation with Indian and Western philosophy, social thought, religious inquiry, and modernity.

72 source-bilingual chapters passed the structural audit. Permanent detail links remain disabled until the paired reader payload passes archive validation.

Chapter 1What Is Philosophy?
Chapter 2Questions, Doubt, and Pramāṇa
Chapter 3Truth and Perspective
Chapter 4The Limits of Knowledge
Chapter 5The Method of Parallel Philosophy
Chapter 6Vedic Thought and Upanishadic Questions
Chapter 7Sāṃkhya
Chapter 8Yoga
Chapter 9Nyāya
Chapter 10Vaiśeṣika
Chapter 11Pūrvamīmāṃsā
Chapter 12Vedānta
Chapter 13Buddhist Philosophy
Chapter 14Jain Philosophy
Chapter 15Lokāyata and Materialist Questions
Chapter 16Language, Word, and Meaning
Chapter 17Videha: A Geography of Questioning
Chapter 18Yājñavalkya, Gārgī, and Maitreyī
Chapter 19Nyāya–Vaiśeṣika and Mithila’s Logical Tradition
Chapter 20Udayanācārya
Chapter 21Vācaspati Miśra
Chapter 22Gaṅgeśa Upādhyāya
Chapter 23Navya-Nyāya: The Subtle Discipline of Language
Chapter 24Folk Tradition, Śāstra, and Parallel Mithila
Chapter 25Greek Questions
Chapter 26Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle
Chapter 27Medieval Philosophy
Chapter 28Descartes, Spinoza, and Leibniz
Chapter 29Locke, Berkeley, and Hume
Chapter 30Kant
Chapter 31Hegel and Dialectic
Chapter 32Marx
Chapter 33Kierkegaard and Nietzsche
Chapter 34Phenomenology and Existentialism
Chapter 35Analytic Philosophy
Chapter 36Pragmatism
Chapter 37Philosophy of Science
Chapter 38The Individual and Society
Chapter 39The Justification of the State
Chapter 40Freedom
Chapter 41Equality
Chapter 42Justice
Chapter 43Caste and Social Hierarchy
Chapter 44Class and Economic Power
Chapter 45Women, Gender, and Power
Chapter 46Language, Region, and Identity
Chapter 47Democracy
Chapter 48Gandhi
Chapter 49Ambedkar
Chapter 50What Is Religion?
Chapter 51The Question of God
Chapter 52Faith and Reason
Chapter 53The Problem of Suffering and Evil
Chapter 54Karma, Rebirth, and Mokṣa
Chapter 55Religious Plurality
Chapter 56Religion and the State
Chapter 57Folk Religion and Institutional Religion
Chapter 58Modernity
Chapter 59Science and the Human Being
Chapter 60Language and Power
Chapter 61History and Memory
Chapter 62Knowledge and the Digital World
Chapter 63Artificial Intelligence and Human Responsibility
Chapter 64The Environment and Future Generations
Chapter 65Multi-Pramāṇa Rationalism
Chapter 66Coexistential Realism
Chapter 67Dignity-Based Ethics
Chapter 68Polycentric Democracy
Chapter 69The Rational Plurality of Religion
Chapter 70A Parallel View of History
Chapter 71The Aphorisms of Parallel Philosophy
Chapter 72Epilogue

Volume II · 100 source-bilingual chapters

Parallel Philosophy — Volume II

Continuation of the parallel philosophical programme through modern, postcolonial and contemporary debates

A source-bilingual Maithili–English continuation of the Parallel Philosophy project, extending the archive through critical theory, philosophy of mind, science, technology, AI and reconstructive parallel philosophy.

100 source-bilingual chapters passed the structural audit. Permanent detail links remain disabled until the paired reader payload passes archive validation.

Chapter 1The Second Turn in Philosophy: From Consciousness to Language
Chapter 2Why Philosophy Changed in the Twentieth Century
Chapter 3The Division between Analytic and Continental Philosophy
Chapter 4Where Does Indian Philosophy Sit on This Map?
Chapter 5Mithila’s Parallel Point of Entry
Chapter 6The Risks of Comparative Philosophy
Chapter 7Frege: Logic, Meaning and Reference
Chapter 8Russell: Description, Logical Form and the World
Chapter 9Moore and Common Sense
Chapter 10Early Wittgenstein: Language, Fact, Picture and the Limits of Expression
Chapter 11Logical Positivism: Verification, Science and the Limits of Metaphysics
Chapter 12Carnap and the Question of Metaphysics
Chapter 13Quine: The Crisis of the Analytic–Synthetic Distinction
Chapter 14Analytic Philosophy and Navya-Nyāya
Chapter 15Later Wittgenstein: Meaning in Use
Chapter 16Austin: Saying Is Also Doing
Chapter 17Searle and Speech Acts
Chapter 18Can Language Be Private?
Chapter 19The Meaning of a Word: Object, Use or Relation?
Chapter 20Indian Theories of Verbal Meaning
Chapter 21Mithila’s Tradition of Linguistic Analysis
Chapter 22What Is Structure?
Chapter 23Saussure: Signifier and Signified
Chapter 24Lévi-Strauss: Myth and Structure
Chapter 25Structure and the Individual
Chapter 26Indian Linguistic Traditions and Structure
Chapter 27The Limits of Structuralism
Chapter 28From Structuralism to Post-Structuralism
Chapter 29Derrida: A Critique of the Metaphysics of Presence
Chapter 30Différance: Deferral and Difference in Meaning
Chapter 31Writing, Speech and the Question of the Centre
Chapter 32What Deconstruction Is and Is Not
Chapter 33Indian Philosophy and Deconstruction
Chapter 34Navya-Nyāya as a Counterpoint to Deconstruction
Chapter 35A Parallel Uttarapakṣa
Chapter 36Can Knowledge and Power Be Separated?
Chapter 37Foucault’s Archaeology
Chapter 38Genealogy: Another Way of Writing History
Chapter 39Discipline, Surveillance and Normalisation
Chapter 40Body, Institution and Knowledge
Chapter 41Foucault and the Parallel View of History
Chapter 42What Is Postmodernism?
Chapter 43Lyotard and Incredulity toward Metanarratives
Chapter 44Baudrillard: Simulacra, Media and Hyperreality
Chapter 45Has Truth Ended?
Chapter 46Science, History and Postmodern Critique
Chapter 47Parallel Philosophy’s Reply
Chapter 48Hermeneutics: Why Is Understanding Itself a Problem?
Chapter 49Gadamer: Tradition and Pre-understanding
Chapter 50Ricoeur: Text, Symbol and Interpretation
Chapter 51Authorial Intention and the Reader’s Meaning
Chapter 52The Indian Commentary Tradition
Chapter 53Mithila’s Śāstrārtha as a Hermeneutic Practice?
Chapter 54The Frankfurt School
Chapter 55Horkheimer and Adorno: The Self-Critique of Modern Reason
Chapter 56Marcuse: Consumer Society and One-Dimensional Man
Chapter 57Habermas: Communicative Reason
Chapter 58The Public Sphere and Democracy
Chapter 59Śāstrārtha, Debate and Communicative Reason
Chapter 60The Many Voices of Feminist Philosophy
Chapter 61Simone de Beauvoir: Woman Is Made
Chapter 62Body, Experience and Power
Chapter 63Judith Butler: Gender, Performativity and Identity
Chapter 64Intersectionality: Caste, Class, Gender, Religion and Region
Chapter 65Questions for Indian Feminist Philosophy
Chapter 66Mithila’s Parallel Feminist Perspective
Chapter 67What Does Colonial Knowledge Do?
Chapter 68Edward Said: Orientalism
Chapter 69Gayatri Spivak: Can the Subaltern Speak?
Chapter 70Homi Bhabha: Hybridity and the Colonial Interstice
Chapter 71Subaltern Studies and the Margins of History
Chapter 72From Postcolonial to Decolonial Thought
Chapter 73The Colonial Classification of Indian Philosophy
Chapter 74Mithila between Empire, Nation and Region
Chapter 75New Questions in the Philosophy of Mind
Chapter 76The Mind–Body Problem
Chapter 77Behaviourism, Identity Theory and Functionalism
Chapter 78The Hard Problem of Consciousness
Chapter 79Intentionality and the Self
Chapter 80Indian Debates on Self, No-Self and Mind
Chapter 81A Three-Way Dialogue: Nyāya, Buddhism and Modern Philosophy of Mind
Chapter 82New Debates in Scientific Realism
Chapter 83Natural Science and Social Science
Chapter 84Technology Is More Than a Tool
Chapter 85Truth in the Digital World
Chapter 86Algorithms, Classification and Power
Chapter 87Artificial Intelligence: What Is Intelligence?
Chapter 88Machine Consciousness: An Open Question
Chapter 89Evidence and Responsibility in the Age of AI
Chapter 90A Second Form of Multi-Source Rationalism
Chapter 91Coexistential Realism after the Linguistic Turn
Chapter 92Dignity-Based Ethics and New Identities
Chapter 93Polycentric Democracy and Network Power
Chapter 94Rational Religious Pluralism in a Post-Secular Society
Chapter 95The Parallel View of History: Genealogy, Archive and Evidence
Chapter 96Self-Critique: How Can Parallel Philosophy Accept Its Own Deconstruction?
Chapter 97Structure Exists, but Structure Is Not Destiny
Chapter 98Language Is a Limit, but Not a Prison
Chapter 99Power Influences Knowledge, but Does Not Make Truth Arbitrary
Chapter 100Parallel Philosophy: Reconstruction after Deconstruction

Advaita Vedānta · Commentary · 215 pages · 64,452 words · ISBN 978-93-5943-682-1

Bhāmatī

Vācaspati Miśra’s commentary on Śaṅkara’s Brahmasūtra Bhāṣya · Sanskrit-to-Maithili translation by Gajendra Thakur

A Maithili translation and contextual study of the Bhāmatī tradition, addressing superimposition, theories of error, the self-luminosity of consciousness, and the opening Brahmasūtras.

Source inventory pending verification — no synthetic chapters published.

Nyāya · Self and metaphysics · 259 pages · 85,568 words · ISBN 978-93-5943-857-3

Ātmatattvaviveka

Original Sanskrit by Udayanācārya · Sanskrit-to-Maithili translation by Gajendra Thakur

A complete Maithili translation of Udayana’s inquiry into the self, accompanied by an enlarged critical introduction on poetics, translation theory, philosophical debate, and editorial architecture.

Source inventory pending verification — no synthetic chapters published.

Nyāya · Natural theology · 464 pages · 141,650 words · ISBN 978-93-344-6450-4

Nyāyakusumāñjali

Original Sanskrit by Udayanācārya · Sanskrit-to-Maithili translation by Gajendra Thakur

A complete Maithili translation of Udayana’s five-bouquet argument, supported by critical study of Navya-Nyāya terminology, poetics, hermeneutics, translation, and research apparatus.

Source inventory pending verification — no synthetic chapters published.

Navya-Nyāya · Epistemology · 1,552 pages · 336,691 words · ISBN 978-93-6123-729-4

Tattvacintāmaṇi

Original Sanskrit by Gaṅgeśa Upādhyāya · Sanskrit-to-Maithili translation by Gajendra Thakur

A large-format Maithili translation of Gaṅgeśa’s foundational Navya-Nyāya work, organized through the means of knowledge and furnished with substantial philosophical introductions.

Source inventory pending verification — no synthetic chapters published.

Bilingual architecture

The Maithili edition occupies the normal site path. Its paired English edition lives under /en/. Corresponding pages link to one another reciprocally.

Browse the 178 completed History chapters